ABSTRACT
La inervación cutánea del dorso del pie, está dada por los nervios fibular superficial (NFS), ramo del nervio fibular común; sus ramos, cutáneo dorsal medial (NCDM) y cutáneo dorsal intermedio (NCDI), así como también por el cutáneo dorsal lateral (NCDL), ramo del nervio sural y el ramo cutáneo del nervio fibular profundo (RCNFP). Estos, pueden ser lesionados en su proximidad con estructuras óseas en su ubicación más superficial, en intervenciones quirúrgicas, por compresión, tracción o fricción crónica. Realizamos un estudio morfométrico y estereológico en 5 muestras de NFS, NCDM, NCDI, NCDL y RCNFP en cadáveres de individuos adultos, masculinos. Se obtuvieron secciones transversales de cada uno de los nervios después de su origen, a nivel del tercio distal de la pierna y del dorso del pie. Realizamos cortes de 4 um de grosor, teñidos con H.E. El promedio de fascículos fue: NFS 12 (D.E. 2,39); NCDM 8 (D.E. 4,82); NCDI 5 (D.E. 1,67); NCDL 7 (D.E. 3,27) y RCNFP 4 (D.E. 1,30). El promedio de fibras para el NFS, NCDM, NCDI, NCDL y RCNFP fue: 14.080, 7.636, 4.602, 3.732 y 2.941, respectivamente. El área promedio del NFS, NCDM, NCDI, NCDL y RCNFP fue: 1,54 mm2 (D. E. 0,22), 0,82 mm2 (D. E. 0,31), 0,54 mm2 (D. E. 0,23), 0,42 mm2 (D.E. 0,19) y 0,32 mm2 (D.E. 0,13) respectivamente. Con este estudio, se espera contribuir al conocimiento morfológico respecto a los factores que podrían influir en el grado de recuperación de lesiones nerviosas, importantes en la clínica y en las técnicas de microcirugía.
The cutaneous innervation on the dorsum of the foot, is given by the superficial fibular nerves (SFN) a branch of the common fibular nerve: its branches, and cutaneous medial dorsal (MDCn) and cutaneous intermediate dorsal (IDCn). Also, the cutaneous lateral dorsal (LDCn) branch of the sural nerve and cutaneous branch of the deep fibular nerve (DFCBn). These can be injured in their proximity with osseous structures in their most superficial location, in surgical procedures, by compression, traction or chronic friction. We carried out a morphometric and stereological study in 5 samples of SFN, MDCn, IDCn, LDCn and DFCBn in cadavers of adult male individuals. Transverse sections of each of the nerves were obtained following its origin, at the level of the distal third of the leg and dorsum of the foot. We realized slices of 4 um thick, stained with H.E. The average of the fascicles was: SFN 12 (D. E. 2.39); MDCn 8 (D. E. 4.82); IDCn 5 (D. E. 1.67); LDCn 7 (D. E. 3.27) and DFCBn 4 (D. E. 1.30). The average of fibers for SFN, MDCn, IDCn, LDCn, and DFCBn was: 14.080, 7.636, 4.602, 3.732 y 2.941 respectively. Average area of SFN, MDCn, IDCn, LDCn, and DFCBn was 1.54 mm2 (D. E. 0.22), 0.82 mm2 (D. E. 0.31), 0.54 mm2 (D. E. 0.23), 0.42 mm2 (D. E. 0.19) y 0.32 mm2 (D. E. 0.13) respectively. With this study we hope to contribute to morphological information in reference to factors that could influence in the degree of recovery of nerve lesions, important in clinic as well as microsurgery techniques.